How are data classes different from regular classes in Kotlin?

While both data classes and regular classes are used to model data and encapsulate behavior, data classes in Kotlin offer additional features and capabilities tailored for data-centric scenarios.

Here are some key differences between data classes and regular classes in Kotlin:

• Boilerplate code: Data classes automatically generate implementations for equals(), hashCode(), toString(), copy(), and component functions for property access based on the properties declared in the primary constructor. Regular classes require manual implementation of these methods if needed.
• Immutability by default: Properties of a data class are automatically marked as val (immutable) by default, whereas regular classes require explicit declaration of property mutability.
• Copy method: Data classes provide a copy() method that allows you to create a copy of an object with modified properties. This is useful for creating modified copies of immutable objects. Regular classes do not have a built-in copy() method.
• Component functions: Data classes automatically generate component functions that allow you to destructure objects into their individual properties. This is particularly useful for pattern matching and destructuring declarations.
• Inheritance: Data classes can inherit from other classes and interfaces like regular classes. However, inheritance with data classes may affect the behavior of generated methods and may require additional considerations.

While data classes offer convenience and productivity in certain scenarios, regular classes provide more flexibility and control over class behavior and implementation details. The choice between data classes and regular classes depends on the specific requirements and design considerations of the application.